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	Term	术语	Definition	定义
	ice rise	冰隆，浮现冰	A mass of ICE resting on ROCK and surrounded either by an ICE SHELF or partly by an ICE SHELF and partly by SEA. No ROCK is exposed and th... more A mass of ICE resting on ROCK and surrounded either by an ICE SHELF or partly by an ICE SHELF and partly by SEA. No ROCK is exposed and there may be none above SEA LEVEL. Ice rises often have a dome-shaped surface. The largest known is about 100 km across.	置于礁石上的，被冰架或者部分被冰架和部分被海水所围绕的冰块。如果没有礁石暴露出来，那么它也不�... more 置于礁石上的，被冰架或者部分被冰架和部分被海水所围绕的冰块。如果没有礁石暴露出来，那么它也不会出现在海平面上方。浮现冰通常呈现圆顶形状的表面。已知的最大浮现冰大约有100km宽。
	ice sheet	冰盖，冰原	A continuous mass of ICE and SNOW of considerable thickness and large area. Ice sheets may be resting on ROCK (see INLAND ICE SHEET) or floa... more A continuous mass of ICE and SNOW of considerable thickness and large area. Ice sheets may be resting on ROCK (see INLAND ICE SHEET) or floating (see ICE SHELF). Ice sheets of less than 40,000 sq. km resting on ROCK are called ice caps.	具有相当大的厚度和范围的连绵的冰和雪。冰原可以处于岩石上（参见inland ice sheet（内陆冰原））或者呈�... more 具有相当大的厚度和范围的连绵的冰和雪。冰原可以处于岩石上（参见inland ice sheet（内陆冰原））或者呈漂浮状态（参见ice shelf（冰架））。小于4万平方千米，且处在岩石上的冰原称为冰盖。
	ice shelf	冰架	A floating ICE SHEET of considerable thickness. Ice shelves are usually of great horizontal extent and have a level or gently undulating s... more A floating ICE SHEET of considerable thickness. Ice shelves are usually of great horizontal extent and have a level or gently undulating surface. They are nourished by local snow accumulation and often also by the seaward extension of land glaciers. Limited areas may be aground. The initial stage is called BAY ICE until the surface is more than about 2 m above SEA LEVEL. The seaward edge is termed an ICE FRONT.	具有相当大厚度的漂浮的冰原。冰架通常水平范围很大，具有平整的或略呈波浪状的表面。冰架由本地雪�... more 具有相当大厚度的漂浮的冰原。冰架通常水平范围很大，具有平整的或略呈波浪状的表面。冰架由本地雪的堆积和陆地冰川向海一侧延伸而增长。冰架的极限边缘可以是陆地，冰架表面高出海平面不足2米时的初始阶段称为湾冰。向海的边缘称之为冰崖面。
	ice storm	冰暴	Intense formation of ICE on objects by the freezing, on impact, of drops of RAIN or DRIZZLE.	雨点或毛毛细雨在急剧冻结时所形成的大量降冰现象。
	ice wall	冰壁，冰栅	An ice cliff forming the seaward margin of an INLAND ICE SHEET, ICE PIEDMONT or ICE RISE. The rock basement may be at or below SEA LEVEL. Se... more An ice cliff forming the seaward margin of an INLAND ICE SHEET, ICE PIEDMONT or ICE RISE. The rock basement may be at or below SEA LEVEL. See ICE FRONT.	构成内陆冰、冰麓或冰隆向海一侧边缘的冰峭壁。它的岩基可以位于或低于海平面。参见ice front（冰壁）�... more 构成内陆冰、冰麓或冰隆向海一侧边缘的冰峭壁。它的岩基可以位于或低于海平面。参见ice front（冰壁）。
	identification beacon	基准位置识别标，识别指向标	See BEACON.	一种发射编码信号的航空标或无线电信标或灯标，借助所发编码可以识别某一特定的参考点。
	IEC	国际电工委员会	International Electrotechnical Commission	国际电工委员会。
	igneous rock	火成岩	ROCK formed by solidification of molten material or MAGMA.	由融化的物质或岩浆凝固而形成的岩石。
	illuminated contours	晕渲轮廓线，晕渲，光影等高线	An application of ILLUMINATED RELIEF in which CONTOURS appear lighter on illuminated SLOPES and darker on the shadow SLOPES.	一种晕渲地貌表示方法。此时轮廓线在向阳的坡面上以较亮的亮度显现，而在背阳的坡上则以较暗的亮度�... more 一种晕渲地貌表示方法。此时轮廓线在向阳的坡面上以较亮的亮度显现，而在背阳的坡上则以较暗的亮度显现。
	illuminated relief	晕渲地貌、光影地貌	The representation of RELIEF with the appearance of lighting from one or more directions, giving a three-dimensional impression. Also called... more The representation of RELIEF with the appearance of lighting from one or more directions, giving a three-dimensional impression. Also called shaded relief.	由来自一个或多个方向的光线照射来反映地貌，以得到三维的地貌效果。亦称shaded relief（晕渲地貌）。
	illumination (at a point of a surface)	照度（表面上的一点）	Quotient of the LUMINOUS FLUX incident on an infinitesimal element of the surface containing the point under consideration, by the area ... more Quotient of the LUMINOUS FLUX incident on an infinitesimal element of the surface containing the point under consideration, by the area of that element.	照射在表面上（包含要研究的点）某一微元处的光通量与该微元面积的比。
	image	像片，影像，图像	The optical counterpart of an object.	物体的光学对应体。
	image: erect	正像	An IMAGE that appears upright or in the same relative position as the object.	直立的或者相对位置同地物相同的影像。
	image: inverted	倒像	An IMAGE that appears upside down in relation to the object.	相对物体颠倒显示的图像。
	image: real	实像	An IMAGE actually produced and capable of being shown on a surface, as in a CAMERA.	真实产生并能显示在表面上的影像。如同在照相机中的一样。
	image: virtual	虚像	An IMAGE that cannot be shown on a surface but is visible, as in a MIRROR.	不能显示在表面上，但可以看见的影像，如同在镜子中一样。
	image point	像点	In PHOTOGRAMMETRY, the IMAGE on a PHOTOGRAPH corresponding to a definite object on the GROUND.	在摄影测量中，与地面上某一确定地物相对应的照片上的影像。
	imagery	成像	Techniques to obtain, process or interpret images created by different types of radiation, e.g. light, infrared, x-rays.	获取、处理或者解译各种类型辐射所生成的影像的技术，例如可见光、红外、X射线等。
	impedance	阻抗	The total opposition offered to an alternating current. It may consist of any combination of resistance, inductive reactance, or capacitiv... more The total opposition offered to an alternating current. It may consist of any combination of resistance, inductive reactance, or capacitive reactance.	对交流电总的阻碍作用。它可以包括电阻、感抗、容抗的任意组合。
	impersonal micrometer	超人差测微器	See MICROMETER: TRANSIT.	参见transit micrometer（子午仪测微器）。
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