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	Term	术语	Definition	定义
	spatial	空间的，立体的	(adj.). Pertaining to or limited by space.	属于空间的或受空间限制的。
	special mark	专用标志	In the IALA Maritime Buoyage System, a special mark indicates an area or FEATURE referred to in NAUTICAL documents; it is not primarily inte... more In the IALA Maritime Buoyage System, a special mark indicates an area or FEATURE referred to in NAUTICAL documents; it is not primarily intended to assist NAVIGATION.	在国际航标协会海上浮标系统中，指示有关航海资料涉及区域或地物的专门标志，这些标志最初不是为助�... more 在国际航标协会海上浮标系统中，指示有关航海资料涉及区域或地物的专门标志，这些标志最初不是为助航目的设立的。
	special purpose map	专用地图	See MAP.	指主要为满足特殊需要而设计的任何地图。
	specific gravity	比重	The ratio of the density of a substance at a given temperature and the density of some other substance used as a STANDARD. For liquids and... more The ratio of the density of a substance at a given temperature and the density of some other substance used as a STANDARD. For liquids and solids, the STANDARD assumed is the density of distilled water at 4°C.	在一定的温度下，一种物质的密度与作为标准的其它物质密度的比率。对液体和固体来说，假设标准是4℃�... more 在一定的温度下，一种物质的密度与作为标准的其它物质密度的比率。对液体和固体来说，假设标准是4℃的蒸馏水密度。
	spectroscope	分光镜，分光仪	An optical instrument for forming SPECTRA. It is very useful in studying the characteristics of CELESTIAL BODIES.	产生光谱的光学仪器。在研究天体性质时非常有用。
	spectrum	光谱，波谱，频谱；领域，范围	(pl. spectra). A series of IMAGES formed when a BEAM of RADIANT ENERGY is separated into its various WAVE LENGTH components, as when a BEAM ... more (pl. spectra). A series of IMAGES formed when a BEAM of RADIANT ENERGY is separated into its various WAVE LENGTH components, as when a BEAM of white light is refracted and dispersed by a prism. The entire RANGE of electromagnetic RADIATIONS, or any part of it used for a specific purpose, as the RADIO SPECTRUM (10 kilohertz to 300,000 MEGAHERTZ).	当白光束通过棱镜折射或色散时，辐射能波束被分离成不同波长的部分，由此形成一组图像。电磁辐射的�... more 当白光束通过棱镜折射或色散时，辐射能波束被分离成不同波长的部分，由此形成一组图像。电磁辐射的总范围，或指其用于专门用途的任何部分，称为无线电频谱（10千赫-300000兆赫）。
	specular reflection	镜面反射	The type of reflection, in optics or microwave theory, characteristic of a highly polished plane surface from which all rays are reflected... more The type of reflection, in optics or microwave theory, characteristic of a highly polished plane surface from which all rays are reflected at an angle equal to the angle of incidence.	光学和微波理论中的一种反射，其特点是，自高度磨光的平面所反射的全部射线，其反射角均等于入射角�... more 光学和微波理论中的一种反射，其特点是，自高度磨光的平面所反射的全部射线，其反射角均等于入射角。
	speed	速度	Rate of motion. The terms speed and VELOCITY are often used interchangeably, but speed is a scalar, having magnitude only, while VELOCITY ... more Rate of motion. The terms speed and VELOCITY are often used interchangeably, but speed is a scalar, having magnitude only, while VELOCITY is a vector quantity, having both magnitude and direction. Speed may either be the ship's speed through water, or the SPEED MADE GOOD over ground.	运动的速率。speed和velocity在使用中常可互换，但前者是标量，只有量值，后者是矢量，既有量值又有方向�... more 运动的速率。speed和velocity在使用中常可互换，但前者是标量，只有量值，后者是矢量，既有量值又有方向。
	speed: angular	角速度	Change of direction per unit time. Also called angular rate or angular velocity.	单位时间内的方向变化。也称作angular rate 或者angular velocity（角速率）。
	speed: ground	地速	See GROUND SPEED.	在航空学中，飞机在飞行中相对于地面的速度。亦可参见air speed（空速）。
	speed: linear	线速度	Rate of motion in a straight line.	沿直线运动的速率。
	speed: relative	相对速率，相对速度	See RELATIVE MOTION.	参见relative motion（相对运动）。
	speed line	速度线	A LINE OF POSITION approximately perpendicular to the COURSE.	近似垂直于航线的位置线。
	speed made good	实际航速	The actual velocity of the ship along a course measured in relation to the ocean bottom or to fixed objects ashore.	船只沿航线行驶时，相对于海底或岸上物体测定的实际速度。
	speed of lens	相对孔径，透镜速率	See APERTURE: RELATIVE.	对摄像机或望远镜的透镜来说，等效焦距与入射光瞳直径之比，可表示为f:4.5；亦称f数、f制光圈或透镜速�... more 对摄像机或望远镜的透镜来说，等效焦距与入射光瞳直径之比，可表示为f:4.5；亦称f数、f制光圈或透镜速度。
	speed of propagation	传播速度	The speed with which waves of energy travel through or along a medium other than a specially constructed path.	能量波通过或沿着除专门路径之外的介质传导所具有的速度。
	speed of relative movement	相对运动速度	See RELATIVE MOTION.	一物体相对于另一物体的运动。常用于船只、鱼雷、导弹相对于另一物体的运动之类相关事物。这种运动�... more 一物体相对于另一物体的运动。常用于船只、鱼雷、导弹相对于另一物体的运动之类相关事物。这种运动的方向称相对运动方向，速度称相对运动速度。在用于自地球观测天体位置变化时，常称作视运动。也称relative movement。
	speed of sound	声速	The SPEED OF PROPAGATION of sound waves .	声波的传播速度。
	speedometer	速度计，测速计	An ODOMETER recording the SPEED of a craft by a process of differentiation.	通过微分过程记录船舶速度的计程仪。
	speed scale	测速尺	See SCALE.	图示比例尺，通过该比例尺可以快速并准确地确定测量船的速度，或其在特定时间内通过的距离。
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