Term 术语 Definition 定义
tropospheric scattering
对流层散射
Diffusion of electromagnetic waves when traversing the troposphere. See also: SCATTERING.
电磁波穿越对流层时的扩散。亦可参见scattering(散射)。
trough
海槽;低压槽;波谷
A long DEPRESSION of the SEAFLOOR characteristically flat bottomed and steep sided and normally shallower than a TRENCH.
海底长洼地,通常比海沟宽并且浅。某大气层区,该区内的气压比同层周围的气压低。在气候图上,用近... more
海底长洼地,通常比海沟宽并且浅。某大气层区,该区内的气压比同层周围的气压低。在气候图上,用近似V形的平行等压线或等高线表示低压槽,该V形凹面朝向低压区。两个连续波峰之间的最低部分,亦称wave trough(波谷)。
trough compass
方盒罗盘
See DECLINA­TOIRE.
一种与直尺结合起来的罗经,它适合在平台上用来标示磁子午线,亦称box compass (方盒罗经)或者trough comp... more
一种与直尺结合起来的罗经,它适合在平台上用来标示磁子午线,亦称box compass (方盒罗经)或者trough compass(方盒罗盘)。亦可参见tubular compass(管式罗盘)。
true
NULL
(adj.). Related to TRUE NORTH. Actual, as contrasted with fictitious, as true SUN. Related to a fixed point, either on the EARTH or in space... more
(adj.). Related to TRUE NORTH. Actual, as contrasted with fictitious, as true SUN. Related to a fixed point, either on the EARTH or in space, as TRUE WIND; in contrast with relative, which is related to a moving point. Corrected, as TRUE AL­TITUDE.
NULL
true altitude
真高度
See ALTITUDE.
经过所有的改正之后的天体视高度。在美国,该术语通常称为observed altitude(观测高度)。
true azimuth
真方位角
See AZIMUTH.
以真北为基准的方位角。
true bearing
真方位
See BEARING.
指地面一点至另一点的水平方向,表示为自基准方向起算的角距离。通常自基准方位向的0°开始按顺时针... more
指地面一点至另一点的水平方向,表示为自基准方向起算的角距离。通常自基准方位向的0°开始按顺时针方向测量至360°。方位和方位角这两个术语有时可以互用,但在航海上,前者习惯于指地面物标的方位,后者习惯于指地球上的点至天球上点的方向。当方位以真北、磁北或罗经北纬基准方向时,则分别称为真方位、磁方位或罗经方位。
true course
真航向 ;水道
See COURSE.
所要行驶的水平方向,以基准方向为0°,顺时针由0°至360°量度。对于海上航行,严格地讲:航向系指实际... more
所要行驶的水平方向,以基准方向为0°,顺时针由0°至360°量度。对于海上航行,严格地讲:航向系指实际行驶的方向,它有时与所要行驶的方向有差别。以真北、磁北、罗经北及坐标北为基准方向的航向分别称为真航向、磁航向、罗经航向和坐标航向。 亦指流水通道。亦可参见watercourse(航道)。
true horizon
真地平
See HORIZON.
在摄影测量学中,过视点或透视中心的地平面。当视点非常接近海平面时,视地平与真地平近似。
true meridian
真子午线
See MERIDIAN.
指大圆通过地理极的子午线,用来区别磁子午线,磁罗经子午线或坐标网纵线。
true north
真北
See NORTH.
地理北极的方向。
true solar time
真太阳时
See TIME: APPARENT SOLAR.
根据真太阳周日运动测定的时间。亦称true solar time(真太阳时)和apparent time(视时)。
true sun
真太阳
See SUN: AP­PARENT.
显现在天空的真实太阳。
true wind
真风
WIND VECTOR in relation to the EARTH's surface. For a moving object it is the vector sum of the RELATIVE WIND and the VELOCITY of the object... more
WIND VECTOR in relation to the EARTH's surface. For a moving object it is the vector sum of the RELATIVE WIND and the VELOCITY of the object.
相对于地球表面的风矢量。对于某移动物体而言,它是相对风与该物体速度的矢量和。
trumpet buoy
声响浮标
See BUOY: SOUND.
装有特征声响信号的浮标,声响浮标可根据发声方式进一步分类,如钟、锣、雾角、雾号或哨浮标等。
trunnion axis
水平轴
See AXIS: HORIZONTAL.
在经纬仪或子午仪中,望远镜俯仰纵转的旋转轴。
tsunami
海啸
A long-period sea wave produced by a submarine EARTHQUAKE or volcanic eruption. It may travel unnoticed across the OCEAN for thousands of MI... more
A long-period sea wave produced by a submarine EARTHQUAKE or volcanic eruption. It may travel unnoticed across the OCEAN for thousands of MILES from its point of origin. It builds up to great HEIGHTS over shoal water. Also called tunami, TIDAL WAVE, seismic sea wave.
由海底地震或火山爆发引起的长周期海波。该海波可从源点在海洋中不被注意地穿过几千英里。在浅水区... more
由海底地震或火山爆发引起的长周期海波。该海波可从源点在海洋中不被注意地穿过几千英里。在浅水区可达到相当高的高度。亦称 tunami,tidal wave,seismic sea wave。
tubular compass
管式罗盘
See COMPASS.
作为某些型号水准仪和经纬仪附件的一种罗经。
tufa
上水石,石灰华
A chemical SEDIMENTARY ROCK composed of calcium carbonate or silica, precipi­tated from percolating ground water or from a SPRING.
一种从地下渗透水或泉水沉淀出的、由碳酸钙或硅土组成的化合水成岩。
tuff
凝灰岩
A ROCK formed of fragments of volcanic origin, DUST, ashes, etc., thrown out of a volcano during an eruption, frequently hardened to a ROCK.... more
A ROCK formed of fragments of volcanic origin, DUST, ashes, etc., thrown out of a volcano during an eruption, frequently hardened to a ROCK. Hence tuff-cone, a volcanic cone built up of such material.
从火山爆发喷出的火山生成物、尘埃、灰等形成,通常凝固在岩石上。凝灰堆,即火山堆,就是由上述物... more
从火山爆发喷出的火山生成物、尘埃、灰等形成,通常凝固在岩石上。凝灰堆,即火山堆,就是由上述物质构成的。