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	Term	术语	Definition	定义
	tuff-cone	凝灰堆	See TUFF.	从火山爆发喷出的火山生成物、尘埃、灰等形成，通常凝固在岩石上。凝灰堆，即火山堆，就是由上述物�... more 从火山爆发喷出的火山生成物、尘埃、灰等形成，通常凝固在岩石上。凝灰堆，即火山堆，就是由上述物质构成的。
	tunny net	金枪鱼网	A net built at sea for catching tunnies.	设置在海上用于捕获金枪鱼的网。
	turbidite	浊流岩	Turbidity current deposits, characterized by both vertically and horizontally graded bedding.	浊流沉积，其特点是具有垂直和水平粒级层。
	turbidity	浊度，浑浊性	Reduced water clarity resulting from the presence of suspended matter. Water is considered turbid when its load of suspended matter is visib... more Reduced water clarity resulting from the presence of suspended matter. Water is considered turbid when its load of suspended matter is visibly conspicuous, but all waters contain some suspended matter and therefore are turbid. Reduced transparency of the ATMOSPHERE, caused by absorption and SCATTERING of RADIATION by solid or liquid particles, other than CLOUDS, held there in suspension.	由于悬浮物质的存在，使水清晰度降低。当水中含有显而易见的悬浮物质时，该水体即是浑浊的。由于悬... more 由于悬浮物质的存在，使水清晰度降低。当水中含有显而易见的悬浮物质时，该水体即是浑浊的。由于悬浮的固体或液体粒子，而不是云的吸收和辐射扩散作用，致使大气层透明度下降。
	turbidity current	浑浊流	See CURRENT.	携带着大量悬浮粘土、泥沙的一种密度较大非常浑浊的海流。它沿水下斜坡穿过密度较小的海水向下流动�... more 携带着大量悬浮粘土、泥沙的一种密度较大非常浑浊的海流。它沿水下斜坡穿过密度较小的海水向下流动。
	turbulence	湍流；涡动，湍动	A state of fluid flow in which the instantaneous VELOCITIES exhibit irregular and apparently random fluctuations, so that in practice only... more A state of fluid flow in which the instantaneous VELOCITIES exhibit irregular and apparently random fluctuations, so that in practice only statistical properties can be recognized and submitted to analysis. Superimposed on the mean motion of the air, an agitation composed of air motions which are uncoordinated and in a state of continuous change.	液体流动状态，其瞬时速度不规则，似随机变动，这样实际上只能确定其统计特性，以供分析。附加在平... more 液体流动状态，其瞬时速度不规则，似随机变动，这样实际上只能确定其统计特性，以供分析。附加在平均空气运动上的一种搅动，由不协调的流动空气构成，处于连续变化的状态。
	turbulent flow	湍流，紊流	A FLOW characterized by TURBULENCE.	以湍动为特点的流动。
	turning basin	转船池；掉头区	An enlargement of a channel for turning vessels. Also called manoeuvering basin.	用于掉转船头的航道扩展部分。亦称掉头区。
	turning buoy	转向浮标	A BUOY marking a turn, as in a CHANNEL.	标示某航道转弯位置的浮标。
	turning point	转点，导线点	In LEVELLING, a point on which both a minus sight (FORESIGHT) and a plus sight (BACKSIGHT) are taken on a line of DIRECT LEVELLING. In TOP... more In LEVELLING, a point on which both a minus sight (FORESIGHT) and a plus sight (BACKSIGHT) are taken on a line of DIRECT LEVELLING. In TOPOGRAPHIC SURVEYS, any point on which the rod is held while the instrument (PLANE TABLE) is moved to another STATION. In a TRAVERSE, any point of junction of two LEGS. Also called traverse point.	水准测量中，在某直接水准测量线路上进行前视和后视测量的那个点。地形测量中，当平板仪迁站到另一... more 水准测量中，在某直接水准测量线路上进行前视和后视测量的那个点。地形测量中，当平板仪迁站到另一测点时标尺仍保持在原位的那一点。导线测量中两导线边汇合的那一点。亦称traverse point（导线点）。
	turn of the tide	转潮；转流	See CHANGE OF TIDE.	潮汐（涨落）运动的方向转换。有时也指潮流流向的转换。亦称平潮。
	twilight	晨昏朦影，曙暮光	The periods of incomplete darkness following SUNSET (evening twilight) or preceding SUNRISE (morning twilight). Twilight is designated as ci... more The periods of incomplete darkness following SUNSET (evening twilight) or preceding SUNRISE (morning twilight). Twilight is designated as civil, nautical, or astronomical, as the darker limit occurs when the centre of the SUN is 6°, 12°, or 18° below the CELESTIAL HORIZON, respectively.	日落之后或日出之前（曙光）那段没有完全黑暗的时间。当太阳中心在天球地平圈以下6°、12°或18°时。曙... more 日落之后或日出之前（曙光）那段没有完全黑暗的时间。当太阳中心在天球地平圈以下6°、12°或18°时。曙暮光作为黑暗的临界线分别被称作民用曙暮光、航海曙暮光或天文曙暮光。
	twilight stars	昏影星	STARS suitably placed for ASTRONOMICAL OBSERVATION during morning or evening TWILIGHT.	在早晚曙暮光中可进行天文观测的星。
	two-way route	双向航道，双向交通道	A route within defined limits inside which two-way traffic is established, aimed at providing safe passage of ships through waters where n... more A route within defined limits inside which two-way traffic is established, aimed at providing safe passage of ships through waters where navigation is difficult or dangerous.	同时双向通行，有分隔行驶界线的航道，目的是在航行困难或危险水域为航船提供安全通道。
	tyfon	雾笛	See TYPHON.	在压缩空气或水蒸气作用下启动的膜式雾角。在加拿大术语中称作汽笛。
	type	铅（活）字	In printing (TYPOGRAPHY) a metal block having a raised letter or figure which, when inked, is used to make an impression on paper or other... more In printing (TYPOGRAPHY) a metal block having a raised letter or figure which, when inked, is used to make an impression on paper or other material. Type can also be in the form of negative or positive stripping film.	印刷术中有凸面字母或数字的金属模块，涂上油墨后可在纸或其他材料上印刷。也有负片或正片撕膜片形�... more 印刷术中有凸面字母或数字的金属模块，涂上油墨后可在纸或其他材料上印刷。也有负片或正片撕膜片形式的活字。
	type face	字样，字体，铅字面	A type of print, such as Roman, Egyptian, Caslon, etc.	印刷活字，如罗马字体、埃及文字体、卡斯龙字体等。
	type of tide	潮汐类型	The characteristic feature of the TIDE (TIDAL CURRENT) determined from the combination of its diurnal and semidiurnal components. TIDES ar... more The characteristic feature of the TIDE (TIDAL CURRENT) determined from the combination of its diurnal and semidiurnal components. TIDES are classified as SEMIDIURNAL, MIXED and DIURNAL, but there are no sharply defined limits separating the groups.	根据其全日潮、半日潮分量的组合而确定的潮汐潮流特性。潮汐被分为半日潮、混合潮和全日潮，但区分�... more 根据其全日潮、半日潮分量的组合而确定的潮汐潮流特性。潮汐被分为半日潮、混合潮和全日潮，但区分这几组潮汐并没有严格的界线。
	typhon	模式号角	A diaphragm HORN which operates under the influence of compressed air or steam. Called SIREN in Canadian terminology. Also called tyfon.	在压缩空气或水蒸气作用下启动的膜式雾角。在加拿大术语中称作汽笛。亦称tyfon（雾笛）。
	typhoon	台风	Name given to TROPICAL CYCLONES of the China Sea and, more generally, of the north-west Pacific.	在中国海，以及（更普遍的）西北太平洋，赋予热带气旋的名称。
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