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	Term	术语	Definition	定义
	fixed angle plot	定角标示法	(British terminology). Plot prepared in advance for use in normal SOUNDING in lieu of a STATION POINTER. The arcs of equal angle subtended b... more (British terminology). Plot prepared in advance for use in normal SOUNDING in lieu of a STATION POINTER. The arcs of equal angle subtended by selected MARKS are drawn on the SOUNDING BOARD at convenient intervals depending on the SCALE. The observed sextant angles can then be plotted in the field by visual inspection. See also CIRCLE SHEET, and SOUNDING: FIXED ANGLE.	在正常的测深作业前编绘的图表，用来取替三脚分度仪。按照一定的间隔在水深板上绘制选定标志的对向�... more 在正常的测深作业前编绘的图表，用来取替三脚分度仪。按照一定的间隔在水深板上绘制选定标志的对向等角弧，绘制间隔取决于比例尺。六分仪的观测角可以采用目视的方式绘制在测深板上。参见circle sheet（圆弧格网图板）和fixed angle sounding（等角测深）。
	fixed angle sounding	等角测深	See SOUNDING.	一种沿已知位置的物体所对圆弧测深的方法。对于每一条弧，保持不变的角（等角），与另外一对物体所�... more 一种沿已知位置的物体所对圆弧测深的方法。对于每一条弧，保持不变的角（等角），与另外一对物体所对的角一起，确定沿圆弧的船只位置。这样依相等的量连续变化等角，就有一系列测深线系统地覆盖该区域。参见fixed angle plot（定角标示法）。
	fixed platform	固定平台、钻井台	See FIXED STATION.	参见fixed station（固定无线电定位台）。
	fixed star	恒星	A STAR. The expression is used particularly to distinguish STARS from other HEAVENLY BODIES; so called by ancients to distinguish STAR... more A STAR. The expression is used particularly to distinguish STARS from other HEAVENLY BODIES; so called by ancients to distinguish STARS from the wandering PLANETS.	一种天体。特别用于将恒星与其他天体区别开来；古人之所以用这个名称，是要把它区别于运动的行星。
	fixed station	固定无线电定位台；观测站	A radiolocation station which is situated in one particular spot throughout the period of its operation. As opposed to MOBILE STATION. A... more A radiolocation station which is situated in one particular spot throughout the period of its operation. As opposed to MOBILE STATION. Also called shore station.In OCEANOGRAPHY, a platform from which repeated OBSERVATIONS are taken. These include coastal and island stations, LIGHT VESSELS, WEATHER SHIPS, AUTOMATIC FLOATING STATIONS and ICE ISLANDS. Also called fixed platform.	在整个工作期间都位于某一固定地点的无线电定位台。对应的术语是移动电台；也称为岸上定位台。在海�... more 在整个工作期间都位于某一固定地点的无线电定位台。对应的术语是移动电台；也称为岸上定位台。在海洋学中，指进行海洋重复观测的平台。它们包括岸站和岛屿站、灯标船、自动漂浮测站和冰情观测站。也称为fixed platform（固定平台）。
	fixing	定影	The process of rendering a developed photographic image permanent by removing the unaffected light-sensitive material.	除去未感光的材料，使影像显示并得以稳定的过程。
	fixing interval	定位间隔	The time or distance elapsed between two subsequent fixes.	两次相邻定位之间的时间间隔或者距离。
	fjord	NULL	See FIORD.	NULL
	flare stack	火炬烟囱、火炬管	A tall structure used for burning-off waste oil or gas.	用于燃烧废油或者废气的高大建筑。
	flare triangulation	闪光三角测量	See TRIANGULATION.	一种在带伞照明弹的帮助下进行同步观测的三角测量的方法。这种方法适用于普通方法难于观测的长距离�... more 一种在带伞照明弹的帮助下进行同步观测的三角测量的方法。这种方法适用于普通方法难于观测的长距离三角测量。
	flat	平滩	A level tract of LAND, as the BED of a dry LAKE or an area frequently uncovered at LOW TIDE. Usually in plural.	指一片广阔的平地（例如干湖床）或者低潮时经常露出海面的区域。
	flat-bed plotter	平板绘图仪	A plotter which uses a flat surface to mount the drawing base.	一种在平面上固定绘图板的绘图仪。
	flattening of the earth	地球扁率	The ratio of the difference between the equatorial and polar radii of the EARTH (major and minor semi-axes of the SPHEROID) and its equatori... more The ratio of the difference between the equatorial and polar radii of the EARTH (major and minor semi-axes of the SPHEROID) and its equatorial radius (major semi-axis). The flattening of the earth is the ellipticity of the spheroid. Also called compression.	地球的长、短半径（椭球体的长短半轴）之差和长半径（长半轴）之比。地球的扁率就是椭球体的扁率。�... more 地球的长、短半径（椭球体的长短半轴）之差和长半径（长半轴）之比。地球的扁率就是椭球体的扁率。也称为compression。
	flight altitude	飞行高度，航高	See ALTITUDE.	飞机飞行时至某一基准面（通常是平均海平面）的距离。
	flight strip	航带，条幅式照片	A succession of overlapping AERIAL PHOTOGRAPHS taken along a single COURSE.	沿着一条单一航线拍摄的一系列有重叠的照片。
	Flinders bar	夫林德斯铁，垂直软铁	A bar of soft unmagnetized iron placed vertically near a MAGNETIC COMPASS to counteract DEVIATION caused by MAGNETIC INDUCTION in vertical S... more A bar of soft unmagnetized iron placed vertically near a MAGNETIC COMPASS to counteract DEVIATION caused by MAGNETIC INDUCTION in vertical SOFT IRON of the craft.	在磁罗盘附近垂直放置的非磁化软铁，用于抵消由船舶垂直软铁磁感应引起的磁偏差。
	float	浮子	Any buoyant object attached to nets or fishing lines: term also used for the small buoys used for current observations.	系在渔网或者钓鱼绳上的浮体。该术语也指海流观测中使用小型浮标。
	float gauge	浮子验潮仪	See GAUGE.	利用浮力原理工作的一种验潮仪。它是一个垂直固定的高盒子，底部有开口，海水从底部进入，由里面的�... more 利用浮力原理工作的一种验潮仪。它是一个垂直固定的高盒子，底部有开口，海水从底部进入，由里面的浮子的升降指示潮高。也称为box gauge（箱形水位计）。
	floating breakwater	浮式防波堤	A contrivance consisting of a series of square frames of timber connected by mooring chains or CABLES attached to anchors or stone blocks in... more A contrivance consisting of a series of square frames of timber connected by mooring chains or CABLES attached to anchors or stone blocks in such a manner as to form a BASIN within which vessels riding to anchor may be protected from the violence of the WAVES.	将一系列方木柱用系泊链或者绳子连在一起，再系于水下锚或者石块上，采用这种方式将某一海区围成盆�... more 将一系列方木柱用系泊链或者绳子连在一起，再系于水下锚或者石块上，采用这种方式将某一海区围成盆状，使锚泊在其中的船舶免受波浪的冲击。这样的设施称为浮式防波堤。
	floating dock	浮船坞	See DOCK.	干船坞的一种。它由一节或者多节漂浮结构组成。可以控制向浮船坞舱内灌水，使浮船坞部分下沉来接收�... more 干船坞的一种。它由一节或者多节漂浮结构组成。可以控制向浮船坞舱内灌水，使浮船坞部分下沉来接收船只，然后将浮船坞舱内水抽出使浮船坞上升，这样待修船舶底部就可露出。
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