Term 术语 Definition 定义
equation: condition
条件方程式
An equation which expresses exactly certain relationships that must exist among related quantities, which are not independent of one another... more
An equation which expresses exactly certain relationships that must exist among related quantities, which are not independent of one another, exist a priori, and are separate from relationships demanded by OBSERVATION.
表示相关量存在的某种关系的等式,这些量不是彼此独立的,先验存在,与观测值所要求的关系不同。
equation: correlate
联系数方程
An equation derived from an OBSERVATION or CONDITION EQUATION, using undetermined multipliers, and expressing the condition that the sum of ... more
An equation derived from an OBSERVATION or CONDITION EQUATION, using undetermined multipliers, and expressing the condition that the sum of the squares of the RESIDUAL ERRORS resulting from the application of these multipliers to the OBSERVATION or CONDITION EQUATIONS shall be a minimum.
由观测方程或条件方程导出的一种方程。其导出方法是:使用不定因子,将不定因子引入观测方程或条件... more
由观测方程或条件方程导出的一种方程。其导出方法是:使用不定因子,将不定因子引入观测方程或条件方程中,然后求出由这些方程所得剩余误差的平方和为最小时的条件表达式。
equation: error
误差方程
The probability equation which expresses the laws of the occurrence of ACCIDENTAL ERRORS. The error equation is the basis of the method of L... more
The probability equation which expresses the laws of the occurrence of ACCIDENTAL ERRORS. The error equation is the basis of the method of LEAST SQUARES, used in the ADJUSTMENT of OBSERVATIONS for determining the most probable value of a result from those OBSERVATIONS.
表示偶然误差事件规律的概率方程。误差方程是最小二乘法的基础。最小二乘法在测量平差中使用,用来... more
表示偶然误差事件规律的概率方程。误差方程是最小二乘法的基础。最小二乘法在测量平差中使用,用来确定观测结果的最或然值。
equation: Laplace
拉普拉斯方程
An equation which expresses the relationships between ASTRONOMIC AZIMUTH, GEODETIC AZIMUTH, and the ASTRONOMIC LONGITUDE and GEODETIC LONGIT... more
An equation which expresses the relationships between ASTRONOMIC AZIMUTH, GEODETIC AZIMUTH, and the ASTRONOMIC LONGITUDE and GEODETIC LONGITUDE.
表示天文方位角,大地方位角和天文经度、大地经度之间关系的等式。
equation: normal
法方程
One of a set of simultaneous equati­ons derived from OBSERVATION, CONDITION or CORRELATE EQUATIONS. In a least-squares adjustment, values o... more
One of a set of simultaneous equati­ons derived from OBSERVATION, CONDITION or CORRELATE EQUATIONS. In a least-squares adjustment, values obtai­ned from the solution of normal equations (either directly or through the CORRELATE EQUATIONS) are applied to the OBSERVATION or CONDITION EQUATIONS to obtain the desired CORRECTIONS.
由观测方程、条件方程或相关方程导出的一组联立方程中的某一方程。在最小二乘法平差中,用法方程解... more
由观测方程、条件方程或相关方程导出的一组联立方程中的某一方程。在最小二乘法平差中,用法方程解得的值(直接求解或通过相关方程求解)代入观测方程或条件方程中以求得所需的改正值。
equation: observation
观测方程
A CONDITION EQUATION which connects interrelated unknowns by means of an observed function.
通过观测函数把相关未知数连接起来的一种条件方程。
equation: personal
个人观测误差
See PERSONAL EQUATION.
感知某一现象与对其作出反应之间的时间间隔。个人观测误差有正有负,因为观测者既可能预知事件的发... more
感知某一现象与对其作出反应之间的时间间隔。个人观测误差有正有负,因为观测者既可能预知事件的发生,又可能在实际看到事件发生后做记录。此误差被视为恒定系统误差。此术语因其为一种人为误差而被保留。它对时间观测格外重要,用于确定精确时计改正。
equation method
方程法
In tidal terminology, an elaborate non-harmonic method for the prediction of TIDES.
在潮汐领域指预报潮汐的一种非调和方法。
equation of time
时差
The CORRECTION to be applied to 12 hours plus UNIVERSAL TIME to obtain the Greenwich HOUR ANGLE of the SUN, or more generally the CORRECTION... more
The CORRECTION to be applied to 12 hours plus UNIVERSAL TIME to obtain the Greenwich HOUR ANGLE of the SUN, or more generally the CORRECTION to be applied to 12 hours plus LOCAL MEAN TIME to obtain the LOCAL HOUR ANGLE of the SUN.
格林尼治太阳时与世界时加12小时所得时间之差,或者更普遍的本地的平均时与本地的太阳时角加12小时所... more
格林尼治太阳时与世界时加12小时所得时间之差,或者更普遍的本地的平均时与本地的太阳时角加12小时所得时间之差。
equator
赤道
The PRIMARY GREAT CIRCLE of a sphere or SPHEROID such as the EARTH, perpendicular to the polar AXIS.
球体或者旋转椭球体上(例如地球)与极轴垂直的主大圆。
equator: astronomical
NULL
A line connecting points having 0° ASTRONOMICAL LATITUDE.
NULL
equator: celestial
天球赤道
The GREAT CIRCLE on the CELESTIAL SPHERE whose plane is perpendicular to the AXIS of the EARTH. Also called equinoctial.
垂直于地轴的平面在天球上截得的大圆。亦称equinoctial(天体赤道)。
equator: geodetic
大地赤道
The line on the SPHEROID connecting points of 0° GEODETIC LATITUDE.
参考椭球体上大地纬度为零的各点的连线。
equator: heat
热赤道
See EQUATOR: THERMAL.
参见thermal equator(热赤道)。
equator: magnetic
磁赤道线
That line on the surface of the EARTH connecting all points at which the magnetic DIP is zero. Also called aclinic line.
地球表面磁倾角为零的各点的连线。亦称aclinic line(无倾线)。
equator: terrestrial
地球赤道
A GREAT CIRCLE of the EARTH in the plane of the CELESTIAL EQUATOR, and equidistant from the two POLES.
天赤道平面在地球上截得的大圆,它离两极的距离相等。
equator: thermal
热赤道
Line which circumscribes the EARTH and connects all points of highest mean annual temperature on each MERIDIAN. Also called heat equator.
地球各子午线上年平均气温最高的点的连线。亦称heat equator。
equatorial calms
赤道无风带
Zone of calm or light variable WINDS encountered, in certain regions, between the TRADE WINDS of the two hemispheres.
位于南北两半球信风带之间的无风或者风向多变的微风区域。
equatorial horizontal parallax
赤道地平视差
See PARALLAX.
在赤道观测到的地平视差最大值。
equatorial tide(s)
赤道潮
See TIDE.
当月球位于赤道上方时出现的潮汐,大约每两个星期发生一次。发生赤道潮时,月球产生最小的日潮不等... more
当月球位于赤道上方时出现的潮汐,大约每两个星期发生一次。发生赤道潮时,月球产生最小的日潮不等。