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	Term	术语	Definition	定义
	eyepiece: erecting	正像目镜	An EYEPIECE containing an auxiliary re-imagining system of one or two LENSES which inverts the primary IMAGE before it reaches the EYEPIECE ... more An EYEPIECE containing an auxiliary re-imagining system of one or two LENSES which inverts the primary IMAGE before it reaches the EYEPIECE proper. The device is now obsolescent, the inversion being performed by prism systems. Also called inverting eyepiece.	一种包含辅助的由一个或者两个透镜组成的二次成像系统的目镜，在主像到达目镜前二次成像系统将其倒�... more 一种包含辅助的由一个或者两个透镜组成的二次成像系统的目镜，在主像到达目镜前二次成像系统将其倒置。现在此设备已经废弃，主像的倒置由棱镜系统完成。也称之为inverting eyepiece（倒像目镜）。
	eyepiece micrometer	目镜测微计	See MICROMETER: OCULAR.	参见ocular micrometer（目镜测微器）。
	face(s) of theodolite	经纬仪望远镜位置	Either of the two positions, 'face left' (F.L.) and 'face right' (F.R.) of the THEODOLITE, when OBSERVATIONS are made with the VERTICAL ... more Either of the two positions, 'face left' (F.L.) and 'face right' (F.R.) of the THEODOLITE, when OBSERVATIONS are made with the VERTICAL CIRCLE on the left or on the right of the TELESCOPE respectively.	指经纬仪的盘左（F.L.）和盘右（F.R.）位置之一，即观测时垂直度盘位于望远镜的左部或者右部。
	facility (navigational)	航行设施	See AID TO NAVIGATION.	参见aid to navigation（航标）。
	facility (port)	港口设施	See HARBOUR WORKS.	参见harbour works（港口工程）。
	facsimile	副本	An exact reproduction or copy.	精确的复制品或拷贝。
	fading	衰落	Loss of strength in received SIGNALS due to temporary variations in the conditions of propagation.	信号在传播过程中由于传播环境随时间的变化而引起的接收信号的强度损失。
	Fahrenheit temperature scale	华氏温标	A temperature scale defined by the relationship t°F = 1.8 t°C + 32; developed by Gabriel D. Fahrenheit (1686-1736), German physicist.	德国物理学家Gabriel D. Fahrenheit (1686-1736)发明的温标，其关系式为：t°F = 1.8 t°C + 32。
	fair chart	测深成果图	(British terminology). The final, carefully made plot of a HYDROGRAPHIC SURVEY. In contrast to the FIELD BOARD (BOAT SHEET in U.S. terminol... more (British terminology). The final, carefully made plot of a HYDROGRAPHIC SURVEY. In contrast to the FIELD BOARD (BOAT SHEET in U.S. terminology) which is a work sheet plotted during field operations from preliminary field data, the fair chart is plotted from corrected DATA and represents the official permanent record of that particular SURVEY. Also called fair sheet. It is called smooth sheet in U.S. terminology.	海道测量的最终成果图。相比工作图版，测量成果图是由正确的数据绘制而成，代表某一特定测量工程官�... more 海道测量的最终成果图。相比工作图版，测量成果图是由正确的数据绘制而成，代表某一特定测量工程官方的、永久的记录。工作图版是根据初步搜集的外业资料在外业测量过程中绘制的工作图版。也称为fair sheet（成果图版）。在美国术语中也称smooth sheet。
	fair sheet	成果图版	See FAIR CHART.	参见fair chart（测深成果图）。
	fair tracing	转绘	(British terminology). A paper tracing of moderate size for transferring the work from the FIELD BOARDS to the FAIR CHARTS.	将外业工作图版的内容转移到测量成果图的过程。
	fairway	航道	That part of a RIVER, HARBOUR etc. where the main NAVIGABLE CHANNEL for vessels of larger size lies. It is also the usual course followed b... more That part of a RIVER, HARBOUR etc. where the main NAVIGABLE CHANNEL for vessels of larger size lies. It is also the usual course followed by vessels entering or leaving harbours and sometimes called “ship channel”.	河流、港口等的一部分，是大型船舶的航行通道。航道通常也是船舶进出港口采用的航线，有时也称为“sh... more 河流、港口等的一部分，是大型船舶的航行通道。航道通常也是船舶进出港口采用的航线，有时也称为“ship channel（船舶航道）”。
	fairway buoy	航道中心浮标	A BUOY marking a FAIRWAY, with safe water on both sides.	1、船舶从大海驶向某航道时能看到的第一个浮标。 2、标识航道的浮标，航道两边都是安全水域。
	falling tide	落潮	See TIDE.	在潮汐周期中处于高潮和随后低潮之间的部分。也称为退潮。反义词是rising tide（涨潮）。
	false bottom	假海底	See PHANTOM BOTTOM.	参见phantom bottom（假海底）。
	false coordinates	伪坐标	See COORDINATES.	所有的格网坐标值加上某一固定数值所得的格网坐标。所加的固定数值很大以致于所有的伪坐标都是正的�... more 所有的格网坐标值加上某一固定数值所得的格网坐标。所加的固定数值很大以致于所有的伪坐标都是正的。这个过程引入了伪原点。参见origin of coordinates（坐标原点）。
	false echo	假回波	See ECHO.	在回声探测中，声波遇到诸如海藻、鱼群或者海水温度、盐度跃层等外部因素而产生反射波。回声测深仪�... more 在回声探测中，声波遇到诸如海藻、鱼群或者海水温度、盐度跃层等外部因素而产生反射波。回声测深仪有时会记录假回波，并且误认为是正常深度。有时也称为side echo（副回声）或者false target（假目标）。参见phantom bottom（假海底）。
	false horizon	假地平	See HORIZON.	类似于视地平线的直线，但是位于视地平上面或者下面。
	false origin	伪原点	See COORDINATES: FALSE.	参见false coordinates（伪坐标）。
	false station	偏心观测站	See ECCENTRIC STATION.	参见eccentric station（偏心观测站）。
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