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	Term	术语	Definition	定义
	celestial globe	天球仪	See STAR GLOBE.	参见star globe（星球仪）。
	celestial horizon	地心真地平，天球地平圈	See HORIZON.	天球上的圈，由天球和过地球中心并且垂直于天顶／天底线的一个平面相截而形成。也称作天球地平圈。
	celestial latitude	黄纬	See LATITUDE.	黄道北或南的角距离。黄道与天球上某一点之间的纬圈圆弧。从黄道向北或向南测量90°，采用N或S表示测�... more 黄道北或南的角距离。黄道与天球上某一点之间的纬圈圆弧。从黄道向北或向南测量90°，采用N或S表示测量方向。也称作ecliptic latitude（黄纬）。
	celestial line of position	天文位置线	A LINE OF POSITION determined by means of one CELESTIAL BODY.	测量天体确定的位置线。
	celestial longitude	黄经	See LONGITUDE.	沿黄道春分点向东的角距离。春分点的纬度圈与天球上一点的纬度圈之间的黄极角度或黄道弧，从春分点�... more 沿黄道春分点向东的角距离。春分点的纬度圈与天球上一点的纬度圈之间的黄极角度或黄道弧，从春分点纬度圈向东量算360°。
	celestial meridian	天球子午圈，赤经圈	See MERIDIAN.	通过天体天极和天顶的大圆。该术语通常指上半子午圈（Upper branch）。
	celestial navigation	天文导航，天文航海	See NAVIGATION.	在天体辅助下开展的导航。亦称作astro-navigation（天文导航）。
	celestial pole	黄极，天极	See POLE.	天球与地轴延长线的两个交汇点。通过标注N或S指示是北天极还是南天极。
	celestial sphere	天球	An imaginary sphere of infinite radius, concentric with the EARTH, on which CELESTIAL BODIES are imagined to be projected. Also called celes... more An imaginary sphere of infinite radius, concentric with the EARTH, on which CELESTIAL BODIES are imagined to be projected. Also called celestial concave.	以地球为中心，以无限长为半径的假想球，假想所有天体都被投影到该球面上。也称作celestial concave（天穹... more 以地球为中心，以无限长为半径的假想球，假想所有天体都被投影到该球面上。也称作celestial concave（天穹）。
	cellular wave	局部表面波，微波，泡状波	See WAVE.	水的振荡受固体边界约束的表面波系统，其周期与相邻波相同。
	Celsius temperature scale	摄氏温标	A thermodynamic scale of temperature (t°C) defined as a function of the KELVIN TEMPERATURE SCALE (T°K) by the relationship t°C = T°K 273... more A thermodynamic scale of temperature (t°C) defined as a function of the KELVIN TEMPERATURE SCALE (T°K) by the relationship t°C = T°K 273.15. Name for Anders Celsius (1701-44), Swedish astronomer who first described, in 1742, the centigrade temperature scale. NOTE. According to a resolution of the Ninth International Conference on Weights and Measures (1948), temperature should be designated 'degrees Celsius' and the designation 'degrees centigrade' should be discontinued.	温度的热力尺度 (表为t℃)，定义为开尔文温标(表为T°K)的函数，关系式为：t°C = T°K 273.15。以于1742年首次... more 温度的热力尺度 (表为t℃)，定义为开尔文温标(表为T°K)的函数，关系式为：t°C = T°K 273.15。以于1742年首次提出它的瑞典天文学家安德斯·摄尔修斯（1701-44）名字命名。【注：根据第九届国际计量会议决议（1948），温度应采用“摄氏度”表示，停止使用原来的百分温度。】
	centering (or centring)	对中	The placing of an instrument with its VERTICAL AXIS in the VERTICAL through the ground mark. The setting of LENSES of an optical instrument... more The placing of an instrument with its VERTICAL AXIS in the VERTICAL through the ground mark. The setting of LENSES of an optical instrument in such a manner that their OPTICAL AXES are in the same straight line.	整置测量仪器，使其垂直轴处于地上标志点的铅垂线位置。调整光学仪器的各个透镜，使它们的光轴在一�... more 整置测量仪器，使其垂直轴处于地上标志点的铅垂线位置。调整光学仪器的各个透镜，使它们的光轴在一条直线上。
	centigrade temperature scale	摄氏温度，百分温度	See CELSIUS TEMPERATURE SCALE.	参见celsius temperature scale（摄氏温标）。
	centimetre-gram-second (CGS) system	厘米·克·秒制	The system of physical units in which the fundamental units of length, mass and TIME are the centimetre, GRAM and SECOND, respectively.	长度、重量、时间的基本单位，分别是厘米、克、秒。
	central meridian	中央子午线	See MERIDIAN: INITIAL.	参见initial meridian（起始子午线，首子午线）。
	central processing unit (CPU)	中央处理器	In computers in general the unit that comprises the arithmetic logic unit and the control unit.	在计算机中包括运算逻辑和控制单元的通用单元。
	centre: reduction to	NULL	See REDUCTION.	NULL
	centre of buoyancy	浮心	See BUOYANCY.	浮体所排出液体的重心位置。
	centre of gravity	重心	See GRAVITY.	可以认为是集中整个物体质量的一个点。
	centrifugal force	离心力	The force with which a body moving under constraint along a curved PATH reacts to the constraint. Equal and opposite to the CENTRIPETAL FORC... more The force with which a body moving under constraint along a curved PATH reacts to the constraint. Equal and opposite to the CENTRIPETAL FORCE.	一个物体在约束下沿着弯曲路径运动时，对其约束力的反作用力。其与向心力大小相同，方向相反。
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