Chinese English

A method of TRIANGULATION in which simultaneous OBSERVA­TIONS are made on parachute flares. This method is used for extending TRIANGULATI­ON over lines too long to be observed by ordinary methods.

一种在带伞照明弹的帮助下进行同步观测的三角测量的方法。这种方法适用于普通方法难于观测的长距离三角测量。

In hydrographic SURVEYING, a TRIANGULATION that may be carried out by means of anchored BUOYS when surveying at such a distance from the LAND that the SIGNALS on the SHORE cannot be di­rectly used for locating the SOUNDINGS. Floating trian­gulation can be either connected to and extended from the STATIONS of a shore triangulation or of a fully floating type in which case the POSITIONS of the BUOYS are obtained by means of OBSERVATIONS and measu­re­ments taken at sea. BUOYS are anchored in such a position as to provide a framework for surveying the area.

在海道测量中，当测量区域距离陆地较远以致于岸上标志不能直接用来进行水深定位时而采用的锚定浮标方式实施的三角测量。水上三角测量既可以岸上三角点连接，是岸上三角测量的延伸，也可完全在海上通过在海上观测和测量确定浮标的位置。浮标固定在可构成该区域测量网的位置上。

在空中三角测量中，无论是解析法或图解法，均利用自每一重叠像片辐射中心或近辐射中心绘出的方向线，通过这些方向线的前方交会和后方交会进行水平控制加密。准确地说，辐射三角测量应称作radial plot （辐射图解测量）或minor-control plot（次等控制展点）。假如通过解析法进行，则称为解析辐射三角测量。辐射三角测量一般均指图解法，除了预先注明为解析法的以外。

A method of TRIANGULATION involving simultaneous OBSERVATIONS from three shore STATIONS on a target carried by a ship offshore of the middle STATION. The middle STATION must be visible from each of the two end STATIONS.

一种三角测量方法，采用从三个岸上站同时对中间站离岸船只携带的物标进行观测。中间站与两个端点站之间必须通视。

The classifying of TRIAN­GULA­TIONS into first-order, second-order, and third-order triangulation, according to the ERROR OF CLOSURE OF TRIANGLES. In first-order work, the average closure is not in excess of 1 SECOND; in second order work, it does not exceed 3 SECONDS; and in third-order work, it does not exceed 5 SECONDS. For the basic first-order work, the computed length through the NETWORK must agree with the measured BASE within 1 part in 50 000, as a minimum, and average about 1 in 75 000, or bet­ter.

根据三角形闭合差将三角测量划分为一、二、三等。一等三角测量平均闭合差不得超过1秒；二等不得超过3秒；三等不得超过5秒。基本的一等三角测量网计算长度与所测基线的符合值必须至少为1／50000，平均符合值要好于1／75000。

ARCS OF TRIANGULATION, sometimes with lines of TRAVERSE, connected together to form a system of loops or circuits extending over an area. Sometimes called tie net when used to tie small ISLANDS together. Also called traverse net or survey net.

三角弧，有时用导线连接起来在海上形成一个回线或环形网络。而覆盖在某一海区，当与小岛屿联测时，有时称tie net 。亦称traverse net 或 survey net。

地面上的可恢复测站，其地理位置已经通过使用大地测量仪器以角测量法确定。三角点是经挑选设置了测站标志的点，或者是突出的自然或人工目标。亦称trigonometric station 或 triangulation point。

竖立在三角点之上或其旁边的坚固结构，或指经三角测量获得其位置的天然及人工标志。此术语可指其位置由三角测量确定，但主要作为已知点用于海道测量标志或地形测量标志。

地面上的可恢复测站，其地理位置已经通过使用大地测量仪器以角测量法确定。三角点是经挑选设置了测站标志的点，或者是突出的自然或人工目标。

A TRIANGULATION SIGNAL consist­ing of two separate struc­tures, independent of one another an inner structure which supports the THEODO­LITE and sometimes the TARGET or SIGNAL LAMP, and an outer structure which supports the observer and his assist­ants and sometimes the TARGET or SIGNAL LAMP. Triangu­lation towers are used to elevate the LINE OF SIGHT above trees, topographic features, and other obstacles that might interfere with the OBSERVATIONS. See BILBY STEEL TOWER.

一种三角测量觇标，由两个互相分离的独立结构即内架和外架组成，内架用于设置经纬仪以及觇标或信号灯，外架用于支撑观测者及其助手，以及有时用于安置觇标或信号灯。三角测量塔用于使视准线高于树木、地形要素及其他可能妨碍观测的障碍物。

A demount­able, three-armed plate which is attached to an instrument stand or survey tower and on which the bottoms of the FOOTSCREWS of the instru­ment rest in milled grooves.

地面上的可恢复测站，其地理位置已经通过使用大地测量仪器以角测量法确定。三角点是经挑选设置了测站标志的点，或者是突出的自然或人工目标。亦称trigonometric station or triangulation point。

A method of surveying wherein the lengt­hs of the triangle sides are measured, usually by electro­nic methods, and the angles are computed from the measured lengths. Compare with TRIANGULATION.

三角形边长的测量方法，通常采用电子测量方法，然后再根据边长计算角度。与triangulation（三角测量）相对应。

The way in which a ship floats on the water, in relation to her fore-and-aft line, whether on an even keel or down by the bow or by the stern.

一艘船漂浮在水面上的方式，相对于船艏到船尾的线，船或是平稳的、或是船艏向水下、或是船尾向水下的方式。