Chinese English

Any one-piece printing surface of any size, strength, or surface preparation, bearing an image made manually, mechanically or photographically, specifically for the purpose of printing such an image onto some other material.

任何尺寸、强度或经表面处理的单片印刷面，上面可用手工、机械或摄影方法制作图像，专供在其他材料上印制该图像使用。

指某量值的误差（或与平均值的偏差），其在一组观测值中被超出的可能性等于其不被超出的可能性；其值等于标准误差乘以0.6745。在统计学中，有时还是推荐使用标准误差。

A term used to indicate a perma­nent offshore structure equipped to control the flow of oil or gas. For charting purposes, the use of the term is extended to include all permanent platforms associa­ted with oil or gas production, e.g., field terminal, drilling and accommodation platforms, and "booster" platforms located at intervals along some pipelines. It does not include entirely submarine structures. See also PLATFORM.

该术语通常指配备了石油或天然气流量控制装置的近海永久性建筑物。为便于制图，该术语的使用范围扩大到包括所有与石油或天然气生产有关的永久性平台，例如场站末端、钻井和生活平台以及沿着管线间隔分布的支援平台。但该术语不包括水下建筑物。亦可参见platform（平台）。

A graph or curve showing elevation or dis­tribution of some property vs. distance along a line. The vertical SCALE may be greatly exaggerated with respect to the horizontal SCALE. An example of a profi­le is the graphic record made by a recording ECHO SOUNDER operating while a vessel is underway. A vertical section of the surface of the GROUND, or of underlying STRATA, or both, along any fixed line.

表示某些物体高度或距离及对应属性的分布状态的图形或曲线。其垂直比例尺可能比水平比例尺大大地夸大。例如船舶航行时通过回声测深仪记录到的图形就是一种剖面图。 地面或下伏岩层沿某固定线方向的纵向断面。

Determination of the subsoil strata and geological structure by use of sound sources which emit acoustic pulses to penetrate the seabed. Travel time between emission of pulses and reception is usually measured in a towed streamer.

通过使用声波脉冲源发出的声波穿透海底，确定地下地层和地质构造的方法。脉冲发出和接收之间的时间间隔一般通过拖缆测得。

A MAP or sketch showing work ac­com­plished. In TRIANGULATION and TRAVERSE, each point established is shown on the progress sketch as well as lines observed over and BASES measured. In a levelling survey, the progress sketch shows the route followed and the towns passed through, but not necessarily the locations of the BENCH MARKS.

表示所完成工作的略图。在三角测量和导线测量中，所测各点特别是所测线段及基线均表示在该图上。在水准测量中，图上表示所经过路线和城镇，但没必要标出水准点的位置。

An area shown on CHARTS within which NAVIGATION and/or anchoring is prohibited. In aviation terminology, a specified area within the land areas of a state or territorial waters adjacent thereto over which the flight of aircraft is prohibi­ted.

海图上标示的禁止航行或锚泊的区域。 在航空术语中，指在其上空禁止飞行的某些国家领土或领水的特别区域。

The representa­tion of a figure on a sur­face, either plane or curved, according to a definite plan. In a PERSPEC­TIVE PROJECTION this is done by means of projecting lines emanating from a single point, which may be infinity. In CARTOGRAPHY, any systematic arrangement of MERIDI­ANS and PARALLELS portraying the curved surface of the sphere or SPHEROID upon a plane. Also called map projection or chart projection. In PHOTOGRAPHY, the reduction or enlargement of a POSITIVE or NEGATIVE, by projecting the IMAGE through a LENS.

按照设定计划将某种形态再现到平面或弯曲曲面上。在透视投影中，通过从某一点辐射的投影线来进行投影，该点可以无穷远。 在制图学中，指球体曲面或椭球曲面描绘到某一平面上从而建立地图的经纬线网。亦称map projection （地图投影）或chart projection（海图投影）。 在摄影学中，指通过透镜投影影像来进行正像或负像的缩小或放大。

A PROJECTION on which the AZIMUTHS or DIRECTIONS of all lines radiating from a central point or POLE are the same as the AZIMUTHS or DIRECTIONS of the corresponding lines on the sphere.

An AZIMUTHAL PROJEC­TION on which straight lines radiating from the centre or pole of projection represent GREAT CIRCLES in their TRUE AZIMUTHS from the centre, and lengths along these lines are of exact SCALE. This PROJECTION is neither EQUAL AREA nor CONFORMAL.

A conventional PROJECTION con­structed by computing the lengths of arcs along a selected GEOGRAPHIC MERIDIAN and along a GREAT CIRCLE perpendicular to that MERIDIAN, and plotting these as RECTANGULAR COORDINATES on a plane.

一种常用投影，即沿着选定地理经线并沿垂直于该经线的大圆计算弧长，并将其作为直角坐标绘制到平面直角坐标系中。