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Global Maritime Distress and Safety System (GMDSS) | 全球海上遇险与安全系统
| The GMDSS is a global communications service based upon automated systems, both satellite based and terrestrial, to provide distress ale... more | 一种基于卫星和地面设施的自动化全球通讯服务系统，可向航海者提供海难警报和发布海事安全信息。 |
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Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) | 全球卫星导航系统
| The standard generic term for satellite NAVIGATION systems ("satnav") that provide autonomous geo-spatial positioning with global coverage.... more | 对在全球范围内提供自主空间定位服务的卫星导航系统的统称。截至2011年，仅GPS和GLONASS是处于实际运转中... more |
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globe | 地球仪
| The EARTH; the world. A spherical structure on whose surface is depicted the geographical configuration of the EARTH (terrestrial globe). | 一种球体结构，它的表面描绘了地球的地理构造。 |
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GLONASS | GLONASS
| A space-based, radio-positioning, NAVIGATION and time-transfer system operated by the Government of the Russian Federation. GLONASS to whic... more | 由俄罗斯联邦政府实施的一套空基无线电定位、导航和授时系统。经过差分修正的GLONASS 称为差分GLONASS（DG... more |
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gnomon | 日晷
| Any object the shadow of which serves as an indicator, as the SHADOW PIN of a SUN COMPASS. | 影子可作为指示器的任何物体，例如太阳罗盘上的指时针。 |
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gnomonic chart | 日晷（球心）投影图
| See CHART. | 采用球心投影的海图。也称之为great circle chart（大圆海图）。 |
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gnomonic projection | 日晷（球心）投影
| See PROJECTION. | 一种在与某一球面相切的平面上的透视投影，投影点位于该球体的中心。该投影既不是正形投影，也不是... more |
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GNSS | 全球卫星导航系统
| See GLOBAL NAVIGATION SATELLITE SYSTEM | 全球卫星导航系统 |
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Gold slide | 戈尔德滑尺，气压计误差订正滑尺
| An adjustable attachment to a MERCURIAL BAROMETER for giving resultant of CORRECTIONS for INDEX ERROR, HEIGHT of instrument above SEA LEVE... more | 水银气压计上的订正部件。用于修正由指标差、仪器在海平面上的高度、不同纬度的重力变化和不同温度... more |
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gong buoy | 装锣浮标
| See BUOY: SOUND. | 参见sound buoy（声响浮标）。 |
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goniometer | 测角器、拾波线圈、天线方向性调整器
| An instrument for measuring angles. A pick-up coil which eliminates the necessity of having to rotate a radio direction finder antenna to de... more | 测量角度的仪器。无需转动无线电测向仪天线即可测定方向的一种拾波线圈。 |
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gorge | 峡谷，山峡
| A narrow opening, between HILLS, usually with precipitous sides. | 两山之间狭窄而深的谷地，两侧山坡通常陡峭。 |
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grab | 咬合取样器，抓斗挖掘船
| A kind of closing scoop or bucket used in dredging or for bringing up BOTTOM SAMPLES. | 疏浚或者海底取样使用的一种闭合铲斗式或桶式挖泥机。 |
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grab sampling | 抓取法取样，简单取样
| A random mode of collecting samples. | 一种随机采集样本的方式。 |
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grad (or grade) | 度
| A unit of angle measurement, equal to the angle at the centre of a circle, subtended by one four-hundredth part of its circumference. | 四百度制的角度单位，一度等于圆弧1/400弧所对的角。 |
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grade | 倾斜度，坡度
| Rate of SLOPE or degree of INCLINATION, as a 2% grade. See also GRADIENT and GRAD. | 坡的斜率或者倾斜程度，例如2%坡度。也可参见gradient（梯度）和grad（度）。 |
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grade correction (tape) | 倾斜改正
| See TAPE: GRADE CORRECTION. | 参见grade correction tape（卷尺倾斜改正）。 |
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gradient | 梯度，坡度
| The change of any quantity with distance in any given direction. See PRESSURE GRADIENT, TEMPERATURE LAPSE RATE. The amount of SLOPE, INCLI... more | 在一定方向上某一量随距离的变化率。参见pressure gradient（压力梯度）、temperature lapse rate（温度递减率）... more |
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gradient tints | 梯度调色
| See HYPSOMETRIC TINTS. | 参见hypsometric tints（分层设色）。 |
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graduation | 刻度，分划
| The placing of marks on an instrument or device to represent standard values thereon. Also the marks so placed. The division and subdivisi... more | 仪器或者设备上表示标准数值的分划。海图图廓上的经纬线分划或者细分划。亦可参见scale(刻度)。 |