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	Term	术语	Definition	定义
	pingo	冰核丘	Small conical hills having a large central core of ice formed from the encroachment of permafrost and the resulting hydrostatic pressure.	圆锥形小丘，中心具有一个大冰核，由永久冻土层的浸蚀和静水压力所造成。
	pingo-like features (PLF)	冰核丘状地形	Small conical undersea features having the geomorphological appearance of pingos.	具有冰核丘的地貌外观的小圆锥形海底地形。
	pinnacle	海中岩峰，尖礁	Any high tower or spire-shaped pillar of rock or coral, alone or cresting a SUMMIT. It may extend above the surface of the water. It may or ... more Any high tower or spire-shaped pillar of rock or coral, alone or cresting a SUMMIT. It may extend above the surface of the water. It may or may not be a hazard to SURFACE NAVIGATION.	海底呈高塔形或尖顶型的岩石柱或珊瑚柱，通常是独立的或者位于峰顶之上。也有可能伸出水面。可能会�... more 海底呈高塔形或尖顶型的岩石柱或珊瑚柱，通常是独立的或者位于峰顶之上。也有可能伸出水面。可能会构成对水面航行威胁。
	pinnacled iceberg	塔状冰山	An iceberg weathered in such manner as to produce spires or pinnacles. Also called pyramidal iceberg, irregular iceberg.	因气候作用而变成螺旋形或尖塔形的冰山。亦称pyramidal iceberg（锥状冰山），irregular iceberg（峰形冰山）。
	pinpoint	精确定位	(v.t. and i.). To establish (POSITION) with great ACCURACY.	（及物或不及物动词）高精度定位。
	pip	脉冲	See BLIP.	参见blip（脉冲）。
	pipe	管，导管	A hollow metal tube, of varying diameters and lengths, imbedded in the bottom in a manner similar to a pile. Pipes are often used as private... more A hollow metal tube, of varying diameters and lengths, imbedded in the bottom in a manner similar to a pile. Pipes are often used as privately maintained aids to navigation and in the determination of beach or bottom sand migration (deposition or erosion).	任意直径和长度的空心金属管，用一种与柱桩类似的方式埋入海底。常用来作为私人维护的助航设备和用�... more 任意直径和长度的空心金属管，用一种与柱桩类似的方式埋入海底。常用来作为私人维护的助航设备和用于确定沙滩或海底沙漂移（沉积或侵蚀作用）。
	pipeline	管道	A string of interconnected pipes used for the transport of matter, nowadays mainly oil or gas .	一串相互联接的管子，用于输送物质，现在主要是输送石油或天然气。
	pitch	纵摇，螺距，桨距	The oscillations of a ship about the transverse axis, due to the bow and stern being raised or lowered on passing through successive crests ... more The oscillations of a ship about the transverse axis, due to the bow and stern being raised or lowered on passing through successive crests and troughs of waves. Also called pitching. The distance along the axis of a screw or other helix between consecutive threads or ribs. The distance a propeller would advance longitudinally, in one revolution if there were no slip.	船舶绕横轴线的振荡，这是由于船舶穿过连续的波峰和波谷时，船头和船尾被不断抬高或降低而造成的。�... more 船舶绕横轴线的振荡，这是由于船舶穿过连续的波峰和波谷时，船头和船尾被不断抬高或降低而造成的。亦称pitching（俯仰）。沿螺钉或其他螺旋结构的轴线所测到的连续螺纹或凸纹之间的距离。在没有滑脱的情况下，螺旋桨旋转一周在纵向上前进的距离。
	pitching	俯仰	See PITCH.	参见pitch（纵摇）。
	pivot	枢轴，支点	A spindle or pin by which a movable part of an instrument is supported so as to be free to turn. The pivot of a COMPASS is usually a fixed p... more A spindle or pin by which a movable part of an instrument is supported so as to be free to turn. The pivot of a COMPASS is usually a fixed point on which the NEEDLE hangs by a single jewelled cap.	支撑仪器的可活动部位使其自由运转的杆或销。罗经的枢轴通常是一个固定的点，磁针通过唯一的针帽悬�... more 支撑仪器的可活动部位使其自由运转的杆或销。罗经的枢轴通常是一个固定的点，磁针通过唯一的针帽悬于其上。
	pivot point	枢轴点，旋转点	After a ship has assumed its DRIFT ANGLE in a turn, the point on the centerline between the bow and the CENTRE OF GRAVITY at which the resul... more After a ship has assumed its DRIFT ANGLE in a turn, the point on the centerline between the bow and the CENTRE OF GRAVITY at which the resultant of the velocities of rotation and transaction is directed along the centerline. To an observer on board, the ship appears to rotate about this point.	船舶转弯时当漂移角确定后，船头与船重心之间的中心线上（旋转速度和操纵的合力直接作用在该中心线�... more 船舶转弯时当漂移角确定后，船头与船重心之间的中心线上（旋转速度和操纵的合力直接作用在该中心线上）即有一个点称为枢轴点。对位于甲板上的观测者来说，该船看上去是在围着这一点旋转。
	pixel	像素	Contraction for "picture element". The smallest element resolvable by electronic raster devices such as SCANNER, DISPLAY, and PLOTTER. See R... more Contraction for "picture element". The smallest element resolvable by electronic raster devices such as SCANNER, DISPLAY, and PLOTTER. See REMOTE SENSING.	像片元素的缩写。它是由电子光栅装置（如扫描器、显示器和绘图机）可分辨的最小像元素。参见 remote sen... more 像片元素的缩写。它是由电子光栅装置（如扫描器、显示器和绘图机）可分辨的最小像元素。参见 remote sensing(遥感)。
	plain	平原	Any LAND with a flat or very slightly undulating surface. A flat, gently sloping or nearly level region of the SEAFLOOR, for example, ABYS... more Any LAND with a flat or very slightly undulating surface. A flat, gently sloping or nearly level region of the SEAFLOOR, for example, ABYSSAL PLAIN.	平坦的或表面起伏极小的陆地。平坦的、略微倾斜或接近水平的海底平地，如深海平原。
	plan	平面图，大比例尺图	An orthographic drawing on a horizontal plane, as of an instrument, a horizontal section, or a layout. A large scale map or chart of a sma... more An orthographic drawing on a horizontal plane, as of an instrument, a horizontal section, or a layout. A large scale map or chart of a small area.	描绘在水平面上的正射投影图，如仪器设备图、水平剖面图或部局图。一幅大比例尺地图或小区域的海图... more 描绘在水平面上的正射投影图，如仪器设备图、水平剖面图或部局图。一幅大比例尺地图或小区域的海图。
	plane: horizontal	水平面	A plane perpendicular to the DIRECTION OF GRAVITY; any plane tangent to the GEOID or parallel to such a plane. In SURVEYING, a plane perpe... more A plane perpendicular to the DIRECTION OF GRAVITY; any plane tangent to the GEOID or parallel to such a plane. In SURVEYING, a plane perpendicular to the PLUMB LINE within which or on which angles and distances are observed.	与重力方向垂直的平面；任何与大地水准面相切或平行的平面。在测量学中，指与铅垂线垂直的平面，在�... more 与重力方向垂直的平面；任何与大地水准面相切或平行的平面。在测量学中，指与铅垂线垂直的平面，在该平面或其上进行角度和距离测量。
	plane: vertical	铅垂面，垂直面	Any plane passing through a point on the EARTH and containing the ZENITH and NADIR of that point. In SURVEYING, a plane at right angles to a... more Any plane passing through a point on the EARTH and containing the ZENITH and NADIR of that point. In SURVEYING, a plane at right angles to a HORIZONTAL PLANE and within which angles and distances are observed.	通过地球某一点并包含该点天顶和天底的任何平面。
	plane coordinates	平面坐标	See COORDINATES: PLANE RECTANGULAR.	参见plane rectangular coordinates（平面直角坐标）。
	plane rectangular coordinates	平面直角坐标	See COORDINATES.	一种在水平平面内描述点位的坐标系统。它以任意原点为基准，用彼此垂直的两种距离来确定点位。过原�... more 一种在水平平面内描述点位的坐标系统。它以任意原点为基准，用彼此垂直的两种距离来确定点位。过原点相互垂直的两条基线称为“坐标轴”；平行于真南北（或任意指定）坐标轴的距离称为“纵坐标”或“Y坐标”；平行于真东西（或任意指定）坐标轴的距离为“横坐标”或“X坐标”。一般自坐标原点向北、向东为正，相反的，向南、向西则为负。亦称为plane coordinates（平面坐标）。
	plane sailing	平面航法	See SAILING.	将地球表面或某一区域视为平面的一种航行方法。
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