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	Eng ID	Term	Definition
	3861	picture plane	A plane upon which a system of lines or RAYS from an object to form an IMAGE or picture can be projected. In perspective drawing, the system... more A plane upon which a system of lines or RAYS from an object to form an IMAGE or picture can be projected. In perspective drawing, the system of RAYS is understood to converge to a single point. In PHOTOGRAMMETRY, the PHOTOGRAPH is the picture plane.
	3862	piedmont	(adj.). Situated or formed at the base of MOUNTAINS.
	3863	pie graph	Circular SYMBOL divided into sectors to indicate proportions of a total value.
	3864	pier	A long, narrow structure extending into the water to afford a berthing place for vessels, to serve as a promenade, etc. See also JETTY.
	3865	pierhead	The outer end of a PIER. Also called wharfhead.
	3866	piezoelectric effect	The PHENOMENON, exhibited by certain crystals, in which mechanical compression produces a potential difference between opposite crystal ... more The PHENOMENON, exhibited by certain crystals, in which mechanical compression produces a potential difference between opposite crystal faces, or, an applied electric field produces corresponding changes in dimensions.
	3867	piezoelectricity	The property exhibited by some asymmetrical crystalline materials which when subjected to strain in suitable directions develop electr... more The property exhibited by some asymmetrical crystalline materials which when subjected to strain in suitable directions develop electric POLARIZATION proportional to the strain. Inverse piezoelectricity is the effect in which mechanical strain is produced in certain asymmetrical crystalline materials when subjected to an external electric field; the strain is proportional to the electric field.
	3868	piggot gun	A coring instrument for obtaining deep-sea BOTTOM SAMPLES. This instrument uses an explosive charge to drive a metal bit into the BOTTOM at ... more A coring instrument for obtaining deep-sea BOTTOM SAMPLES. This instrument uses an explosive charge to drive a metal bit into the BOTTOM at the instant the sharp end of the bit strikes the BOTTOM.
	3869	pigmentation	A colouring of tissue by deposition of PIGMENTS.
	3870	pigments	A colouring matter used as paint or dye or a natural colouring matter of a tissue.
	3871	pile	A long heavy timber or section of steel, wood, concrete, etc., forced into the earth or SEAFLOOR to serve as a support, as for a PIER, or t... more A long heavy timber or section of steel, wood, concrete, etc., forced into the earth or SEAFLOOR to serve as a support, as for a PIER, or to resist lateral pressure; or as a free standing pole within a marine environment.
	3872	piling	A group of piles set in a row.
	3873	pillar buoy	A BUOY composed of a tall central structure on a broad flat base.
	3874	pilot	1. A person who directs the movements of a vessel through pilot waters, usually a person who has demonstrated extensive knowledge of channel... more 1. A person who directs the movements of a vessel through pilot waters, usually a person who has demonstrated extensive knowledge of channels, aids to navigation, dangers to navigation, etc., in a particular area and is licensed for that area. 2. A book of sailing directions.
	3875	pilot chart	See CHART.
	3876	pilot station	The office or headquarters of pilots; the place where the services of a pilot may be obtained.
	3877	pilot waters	Areas in which the services of a marine pilot are available. Waters in which NAVIGATION is by piloting. More usually called pilotage waters ... more Areas in which the services of a marine pilot are available. Waters in which NAVIGATION is by piloting. More usually called pilotage waters in British terminology.
	3878	pilotage waters	See PILOT WATERS.
	3879	ping	An acoustic pulse signal projected by an underwater TRANSDUCER.
	3880	pinger	A battery powered acoustic device equipped with a TRANSDUCER that transmits SOUND WAVES. When the pinger is attached to a wire and lowered i... more A battery powered acoustic device equipped with a TRANSDUCER that transmits SOUND WAVES. When the pinger is attached to a wire and lowered into the water, the direct and bottom reflected sound can be monitored with a listening device. The difference between the arrival time of the DIRECT and REFLECTED WAVES is used to compute the distance of the pinger from the ocean bottom.
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