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	Term	术语	Definition	定义
	storm	风暴，狂风，十级风	WIND with a SPEED between 44 and 50 KNOTS (Beaufort scale wind force 10). NOTE: The term 'storm' has been substituted for the term 'whole ... more WIND with a SPEED between 44 and 50 KNOTS (Beaufort scale wind force 10). NOTE: The term 'storm' has been substituted for the term 'whole gale' in U.S. Weather Bureau Warnings. This term refers to wind speeds of 48-63 KNOTS.	速度在44-55节之间的风（相当于蒲褔风级10级）。注：术语'storm' （“风暴”），在美国气象局警告中取代'w... more 速度在44-55节之间的风（相当于蒲褔风级10级）。注：术语'storm' （“风暴”），在美国气象局警告中取代'whole gale' （“狂风”），后者所指风速为48-63节。
	storm high water	风暴高潮	See HIGH WATER.	当风暴来临时海水上升到的最高平面，在海滩高处常留有一条碎石痕迹线。
	storm surge	风暴（大）潮	A RISE above normal water level on the OPEN COAST due only to the action of WIND stress on the water surface. Storm surge resulting from a H... more A RISE above normal water level on the OPEN COAST due only to the action of WIND stress on the water surface. Storm surge resulting from a HURRICANE or other intense STORM also includes the RISE in level due to ATMOSPHERIC PRESSURE reduction as well as that due to wind stress. A storm surge is more severe when it occurs in conjunction with a HIGH TIDE. Also called storm tide, storm wave, tidal wave.	由于海水表面风的应力作用引起的开阔海岸正常水平面的上升。风暴波涛产生于飓风或其它强烈风暴以及�... more 由于海水表面风的应力作用引起的开阔海岸正常水平面的上升。风暴波涛产生于飓风或其它强烈风暴以及因气压减弱和风应力引起的海面上升。亦称storm tide, storm wave, tidal wave。
	storm tide	风暴潮	See STORM SURGE.	由于海水表面风的应力作用引起的开阔海岸正常水平面的上升。风暴波涛产生于飓风或其它强烈风暴以及�... more 由于海水表面风的应力作用引起的开阔海岸正常水平面的上升。风暴波涛产生于飓风或其它强烈风暴以及因气压减弱和风应力引起的海面上升。亦称storm tide, storm wave, tidal wave。
	storm warning	暴风警报	See WARNING.	指在某地区出现或将要出现蒲褔风力10级或11级风的气象警报信息。通常是指恶劣天气的预报。
	storm wave	风暴浪，风暴潮	See WAVE.	一种由风产生的大高度海面波。参见storm surge（风暴潮）。
	straight-edge	直尺，直棱	A bar of wood, metal, etc. with one edge accurately straight for drawing straight lines in cartographic applications.	木或金属等材料制成的尺，有一条绘直线用的精准棱边。
	straight line	直线	Mathematically the line of shortest distance between two points in a specified space or on a specified surface.	数学上定义为：在给定平面上两点间距离最短的连线。
	strait	海峡	(also straits). A PASSAGE connecting two larger bodies of water.	连接两部分较大海域的狭窄通道。
	straits used for international navigation	国际航行海峡	Geographically, a narrow passage between two land masses or islands or group of islands connecting two larger sea areas.	地理学上指：在两块陆地或岛屿或群岛之间连接两部分较大海域的狭窄通道。
	strand	触礁，搁浅	The portion of the SEASHORE between high and low water line.	（船）触海底。本术语一般指严重的触底；而术语ground指任何触底，但程度较轻微。
	strand	触礁，搁浅	(v.t. & i.). To run aground. The term strand usually refers to a serious grounding, while the term GROUND refers to any grounding, however s... more (v.t. & i.). To run aground. The term strand usually refers to a serious grounding, while the term GROUND refers to any grounding, however slight.	（船）触海底。本术语一般指严重的触底；而术语ground指任何触底，但程度较轻微。
	stranded	搁浅	(1) The terms "stranded" and "sunken" apply exclusively to items that once were afloat but which are now resting on the bottom. Stranded ite... more (1) The terms "stranded" and "sunken" apply exclusively to items that once were afloat but which are now resting on the bottom. Stranded items project above the sounding datum while sunken items do not project above the sounding datum. These terms apply most often to wrecks. Masts, funnels, and other extensions of wreck superstructure should be disregarded when applying the above definition; i.e., such features may project above the sounding datum and still have the wreck classified as sunken. (2) The grounding of a vessel so that it is not soon refloated; a serious grounding.	1、本术语和"sunken" 仅用于曾经是浮动但现在搁置在海底的物体。搁浅物体突出于水深基准面之上，而沉没�... more 1、本术语和"sunken" 仅用于曾经是浮动但现在搁置在海底的物体。搁浅物体突出于水深基准面之上，而沉没物体不露出水深基准面之上。这些术语最常用于沉船，在应用上述定义时，桅杆、烟囱及沉船上层结构的其它部分不考虑在内，即这些物体也许突出于水深基准面以上，而仍作为没入水中的沉船。 2、船只触及海底以致不能浮起；严重的触底。
	strath	平低谷，陡崖谷	A broad elongated DEPRESSION with relatively steep walls located on a CONTINENTAL SHELF. The longitudinal profile of the floor is gently u... more A broad elongated DEPRESSION with relatively steep walls located on a CONTINENTAL SHELF. The longitudinal profile of the floor is gently undulating with greatest DEPTHS often found in the inshore portion.	大陆架上开阔伸长的凹地，侧壁较陡峭；底部纵向剖面起伏平缓，其最大深度常出现于近岸部分。
	stratification	分层	The state of a fluid that consists of two or more horizontal layers arranged according to their density.	流体的一种状态，该状态根据其密度分为两个或多个水平层。
	stratocumulus	层积云	See CLOUD GENERA.	主要特征不同的各种云状。云共分为十属：卷云、卷积云、卷层云、高积云、高层云、层积云、层云、雨�... more 主要特征不同的各种云状。云共分为十属：卷云、卷积云、卷层云、高积云、高层云、层积云、层云、雨层云、积云、积雨云。它们是云分类的基础，载于1956年出版的国际云图中。
	stratopause	平流层顶	Top of the INVERSION LAYER in the upper STRATOSPHERE, at about 50-55 km.	高平流层里位于逆温层的顶部，约50-55公里。
	stratosphere	平流层	Region of the ATMOSPHERE, situated between the TROPOPAUSE and the STRATOPAUSE, in which the temperature generally increases with HEIGHT.... more Region of the ATMOSPHERE, situated between the TROPOPAUSE and the STRATOPAUSE, in which the temperature generally increases with HEIGHT. From an imperfect analogy with the ATMOSPHERE, the term is sometimes applied in OCEANOGRAPHY to the nearly uniform masses of cold, deep and bottom water of middle and low LATITUDES. This LAYER is separated from the TROPOSPHERE by the THERMOCLINE.	位于对流层顶至平流层顶之间的大气层，层内温度通常随高度增加。与大气层作一个不完善的类比，本术�... more 位于对流层顶至平流层顶之间的大气层，层内温度通常随高度增加。与大气层作一个不完善的类比，本术语有时用于海洋学，指中低纬度区域深海及海底中近似均匀的冷水团。这个层次被温度跃层与对流层隔开。
	stratum	层，地层，岩层	(pl. strata). A single sedimentary bed or LAYER of generally homogenous ROCK, independent of thickness.	通常指同类岩石的单一沉积岩床或地层，与其厚度无关。
	stratus	层云	See CLOUD GENERA.	主要特征不同的各种云状。云共分为十属：卷云、卷积云、卷层云、高积云、高层云、层积云、层云、雨�... more 主要特征不同的各种云状。云共分为十属：卷云、卷积云、卷层云、高积云、高层云、层积云、层云、雨层云、积云、积雨云。它们是云分类的基础，载于1956年出版的国际云图中。
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