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	Term	术语	Definition	定义
	sedimentary	沉淀的	(adj.). Formed by the deposition of SEDIMENT.	因沉积物聚集形成的。
	sedimentary rocks	沉积岩，水成岩	ROCKS formed by the accumulation of SEDIMENT in water (aqueous DEPOSITS) or from air (eolian DEPOSITS). The SEDIMENTS may consist of rock ... more ROCKS formed by the accumulation of SEDIMENT in water (aqueous DEPOSITS) or from air (eolian DEPOSITS). The SEDIMENTS may consist of rock fragments or particles of various sizes (conglomerate, sandstone, shale); of the remains or products of animals or plants (certain LIMESTONES and coal); of the product of chemical action or of evaporation (salt, gypsum, etc.); or of mixture of these materials.	因水或因风沉积物聚集所形成的岩石。这些沉积物的组成物质有：各种尺寸的岩石碎块或颗粒（砾岩、透�... more 因水或因风沉积物聚集所形成的岩石。这些沉积物的组成物质有：各种尺寸的岩石碎块或颗粒（砾岩、透水砂、沙石、页岩）；动植物化石或生成物（主要是石灰石或珊瑚）；化学作用或蒸发的产物（盐、石膏等）；以及这些物质的混合物。
	sedimentation	沉降	The process of breakup and separation of particles from the parent ROCK, their transportation, deposition, and consolidation into another ... more The process of breakup and separation of particles from the parent ROCK, their transportation, deposition, and consolidation into another ROCK.	颗粒从母岩破碎并分离，以及其传输、沉积和固结到另一块岩石的过程。
	sediment core	沉积岩芯	See CORE.	任何东西的中心部分或最里边的部分称作“核”。在海洋学中，“沉积岩芯”是海底沉积物的竖直圆柱形�... more 任何东西的中心部分或最里边的部分称作“核”。在海洋学中，“沉积岩芯”是海底沉积物的竖直圆柱形标本，利用它可以确定海底底质及层次。亦称core sample 或 sediment core。
	sedimentology	沉积学	The science concerned with the description, classification, origin, and interpretation of sediments and sedimentary rock.	有关沉积物和沉积岩描述、分类、成因及解释的科学。
	sediment trap	沉积（测量）器	A device used to measure the rate and amount of SEDIMENTATION in a location.	用于测定某地点沉积速率和数量的装置。
	seiche	假潮	A STANDING WAVE oscillation of an enclosed or semi-enclosed water body that continues, pendulum fashion, after the cessation of the originat... more A STANDING WAVE oscillation of an enclosed or semi-enclosed water body that continues, pendulum fashion, after the cessation of the originating force, which may have been either seismic, atmospheric, or wave induced.	封闭或半封闭水体连续的、摆动式的驻波震荡。可能由地震、大气压力或波浪诱发，多发生在这些源动力�... more 封闭或半封闭水体连续的、摆动式的驻波震荡。可能由地震、大气压力或波浪诱发，多发生在这些源动力中止之后。
	seismic reflection	地震反射（法）	The study of the shallower internal structure of the earth by generating acoustic waves and registering their reflection from subsurface lay... more The study of the shallower internal structure of the earth by generating acoustic waves and registering their reflection from subsurface layers.	通过产生声波并记录声波来自次表层的反射，以探测地球较浅层内部结构的方法。
	seismic refraction	震波折射（法）	The study of the shallower internal structure of the earth by generating acoustic waves and registering their return at increasing distances... more The study of the shallower internal structure of the earth by generating acoustic waves and registering their return at increasing distances from the acoustic source, thus detecting waves that have been transmitted along deeper layers of greater elasticity and rigidity.	通过发出声波，并记录来自该声源在递增距离上的返回信号，所进行的有关地球较浅层内部结构的研究，�... more 通过发出声波，并记录来自该声源在递增距离上的返回信号，所进行的有关地球较浅层内部结构的研究，这样可探测出沿着较大弹性和硬度的更深层结构传播的声波。
	seismic sea wave	地震海浪（海啸）	See TSUNAMI.	由海底地震或火山爆发引起的长周期海波。该海波可不被注意地从原点在海洋中穿过几千英里。在浅水区�... more 由海底地震或火山爆发引起的长周期海波。该海波可不被注意地从原点在海洋中穿过几千英里。在浅水区可达到相当高的高度。亦称tunami，tidal wave，seismic sea wave。
	seismograph	地震（记录）仪	An instrument that records the direction, intensity and TIME of EARTHQUAKES.	记录地震方向、强度和发生时刻的仪器。
	seismology	地震学	The science and study of EARTHQUAKES, and their causes and effects and related PHENOMENA.	研究地震及其成因、作用和相关现象的科学。
	selectivity	选择性	The degree of decrease in the RESPONSE of a resonant device with departure from RESONANCE. Selectivity determines the ability of a RADIO... more The degree of decrease in the RESPONSE of a resonant device with departure from RESONANCE. Selectivity determines the ability of a RADIO RECEIVER to differentiate between SIGNALS of different carrier FREQUENCY.	共振装置偏离谐振点灵敏度的减弱程度。选择性可决定无线电接收机区分不同载频信号的能力。
	selenotrope	月光反射器	A device used in geodetic SURVEYING for reflecting the MOON's RAYS to a distant point, to aid in long-distance OBSERVATIONS.	在大地测量中，用于反射月光至远处某一点，以帮助长距离观测的一种装置。
	self-aligning level	自动安平水准仪	See LEVELLING INSTRUMENT: SELF-ALIGNING LEVEL.	水准仪望远镜内部有灵敏的棱镜部件，其作用是根据锤摆的原理而设计的，即使望远镜轴偏离水平面几分�... more 水准仪望远镜内部有灵敏的棱镜部件，其作用是根据锤摆的原理而设计的，即使望远镜轴偏离水平面几分，也可确保视线水平。
	semaphore	信号标，旗号	Any apparatus for signalling.	发布信号的装置。
	semicircular deviation	半圆自差	See DEVIATION.	船艏向每改变大约180°，其符号也随之改变（东或西）的自差。
	semidiameter	视半径	Half the angle at the observer subtended by the visible disk of a CELESTIAL BODY. SEXTANT ALTITUDES of the SUN and MOON should be correcte... more Half the angle at the observer subtended by the visible disk of a CELESTIAL BODY. SEXTANT ALTITUDES of the SUN and MOON should be corrected for semidiameter unless the centre is observed, as with a BUBBLE SEXTANT.	天体可见视面对于观测者张角的一半。除非使用气泡六分仪观测到天体视面中心，否则太阳和月亮的六分�... more 天体可见视面对于观测者张角的一半。除非使用气泡六分仪观测到天体视面中心，否则太阳和月亮的六分仪观测高度应加视半径改正。
	semidiameter correction	视半径校正	A CORRECTION due to SEMIDIAMETER, particularly that sextant altitude correction resulting from OBSERVATION of the upper or lower LIMB of... more A CORRECTION due to SEMIDIAMETER, particularly that sextant altitude correction resulting from OBSERVATION of the upper or lower LIMB of a CELESTIAL BODY, rather than the centre of that body.	指观测视半径所需加的改正，特别是指用六分仪观测天体上下边缘，而不是观测该天体中心所要加的天体�... more 指观测视半径所需加的改正，特别是指用六分仪观测天体上下边缘，而不是观测该天体中心所要加的天体高度改正。
	semidiurnal current	半日潮流	See CURRENT.	潮流的一种。这种潮流在一个潮日的两次涨潮和两次落潮所持续的时间几乎相同。
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