Chinese English

以水体数据的测定为主要目标的测量。海道测量可包括以下一类或几类数据的测定：水深、海底形状和底质、流向和流速、潮高和潮时、水位和用于测量和航行目标的地物、固定物标的位置。

Review of a hydrogra­phic survey that is directed toward evaluating compliance with, and the adequacy of, standards, rather than a careful examination of the data and their quality. The survey is carefully examined for adequacy with respect to data acquisition and confor­mance with applicable standards and project in­structions. In addition, the overall condition of the records and the Descriptive Report are examined. The digital data representing the survey is plotted and subjected to a cursory examination (spot check) to ensure that digi­tal data standards are being adhered to. The examina­ti­on of the survey data is limited only to that necessa­ry to evaluate the acquisition and processing procedu­res.

海道测量检查旨在评定是否符合标准及执行标准的充分性，而不是仔细检查资料和它们的质量。这里需要检查的除了数据采集的充分性，与可应用标准和项目要求的一致性。还要检查记录和描述性报告的整体情况。测量的数字数据要标绘出来，并进行草验（抽查），以保证符合数字数据标准。测量数据的检查仅限于对数据采集和处理程序做必要的评价。

Hydrography is the branch of applied sciences which deals with the measurement and description of the physical features of oceans, seas, coastal areas, lakes and rivers, as well as with the prediction of their change over time, for the primary purpose of safety of navigation and in support of all other marine activities, including economic development, security and defence, scientific research, and environmental protection.

海道测量学是应用科学的分支，是测量和描述海洋、海域、沿岸区域、湖泊和河流的物理特征，以及预测它们随时间变化的学科，其主要目的是保障安全航行，支持所有其它的海上活动，包括经济发展、安全和防卫、科学研究和环境保护。

The scientific study of the waters of the EARTH, especially with relation to the effects of PRECIPITATION and evaporation upon the occur­rence and character of water in STREAMS, LAKES, and on or below the land surfaces.

研究地球上水的科学，主要研究降水和蒸发各种现象的影响关系，以及河流、湖泊及地表和地下水的特征。

METEOR consisting of an ensemble of liquid or solid water particles falling through or suspended in the ATMOSPHERE, blown by the WIND from the EARTH'S surface or de­po­sited on objects on the ground or in the free air.

液态或者固态水颗粒在大气中降落或悬浮在大气中，或被风从地球表面吹走或者聚集在地面物体上或在自由大气中的总体大气现象。

An electroacous­tic TRANSDUCER that re­sponds to water-borne SOUND WAVES and delivers essenti­ally equivalent electric WAVES. See also PRESSURE HYDROPHONE.

A chain of separate receivers for seismic sound sources towed by a ship. The streamer contains many individual hydrophone elements and is divided electronically into a number of discrete sections or channels.

被船舶拖曳的一系列独立的地震声源接收机。拖缆包括了许多独立的水听器元件，并用电子方式划分成许多离散的部分或者通道。

An instru­ment used to measure the EXTINCTION COEFFICIENT of transmission of light in water. It consists of a constant light source placed at a specific distance from a photocell. When placed in water, the electrical OUTPUT of the photocell is proportional to the amount of light striking the cell which, in turn, depends upon the transparency of the water. The instrument is calibrated to read 100 per­cent light transmission in air.

一种用于测量光线在水下传播的消光系数的设备。它由安装在距光电管特定距离的固定光源组成。当置于水中时，光电管输出的电流是与触发光电管的光的强度成比例的，而光的强度又取决于水的透明度。该仪器经校正后，可达到在空气中的光线传播率读数100%。

一种深海取芯装置，由美国海军海洋机构研制。它采集的样芯直径3.5英寸，长度可达12英尺。这种采集器用高强度的氯化聚乙烯塑料制成，内部没有套管。又称为polyvinyl corer。